Xiao He

Biography & Historical Record

Xiao He (萧何, Tiêu Hà) was a preeminent statesman and one of the most influential figures in Chinese history, serving as the first Chancellor of the Han Dynasty. Originally a low-level clerk in Pei County, he recognized the potential of Liu Bang (刘邦, Lưu Bang) early on and became his chief advisor. During the Chu-Han Contention, Xiao He remained in the Guanzhong region, ensuring a steady supply of provisions and manpower to the front lines, which proved decisive in Liu Bang’s ultimate victory over Xiang Yu (项羽, Hạng Vũ). He is renowned for his administrative genius and for drafting the ‘Nine Chapters of Law’ (九章律), which formed the foundation of the Chinese legal system for centuries. He is famously credited with the recruitment of Han Xin (韩信, Hàn Tín), stating that ‘one could not win without Han Xin.’ His ability to maintain the rear and secure political stability earned him the title of the foremost among the founding heroes of the Han.

Role in Romance of the Three Kingdoms

While Xiao He lived long before the Three Kingdoms period, his name is frequently invoked by characters like Zhuge Liang (诸葛亮, Gia Cát Lượng) and Cao Cao (曹操, Tào Tháo) as the ultimate benchmark for civil administration and loyal statesmanship. His legacy serves as the archetype for the ideal Prime Minister.

Xiao He — Historical & Literary Timeline

For detailed historical records, archives, and official chronicles, explore Xiao He on Wikipedia.

Key Relationships

• Liu Bang (刘邦, Lưu Bang)
  • Xiao He served as his closest confidant and the chief architect of his rise to the throne.
• Han Xin (韩信, Hàn Tín)
  • Xiao He famously chased Han Xin back when he attempted to desert, ultimately recommending him as the Commander-in-Chief of the Han armies.
• Zhang Liang (张良, Trương Lương)
  • Often cited alongside Xiao He as the two pillars of the Han founding; Xiao He managed the state, while Zhang Liang managed the strategy.