| NAME | |
|---|---|
| Chinese Name | 潘举, 潘舉, Pān Jǔ |
| Nickname | Cao Shuang's gate general; the mansion volley of Chapter 107 |
| Other name | Bàn Cử |
| INFORMATION | |
| Birth Place | Unknown |
| Death Reason | Unknown; the novel never says whether he was punished after the 249 coup |
| CAREER | |
| Allegiance | Cao Wei (Cao Shuang household) |
| Battles | Gaoping Tomb Incident / Sima Yi's 249 coup (novel Ch.107) — mansion-gate volley, not a field battle |
Biography & Historical Record
Pan Ju (潘举, Bàn Cử) is a fictional Wei gate officer. He has no Sanguozhi biography and must not be confused with Pan Jun (潘濬, Bàn Tuấn), courtesy name Chengming (承明, Thừa Minh), the Wuling official who served Liu Biao, Liu Bei, and Wu. Pan Ju’s entire novel life is a few sentences in Chapter 107, during the Gaoping Tomb coup of 249. When Sima Yi (司马懿, Tư Mã Ý), courtesy name Zhongda (仲达, Trọng Đạt), rises in Luoyang while Cao Shuang (曹爽, Tào Sảng) is outside the city with Emperor Cao Fang (曹芳, Tào Phương) at the Ming tombs, word reaches Cao Shuang’s residence. Lady Liu (刘氏, Lưu thị), Cao Shuang’s wife, comes into the hall and asks the household officers what Zhongda intends. Pan Ju, the gate general, tells her not to panic: he will go and look.
He takes several dozen crossbowmen up the gate tower. Sima Yi’s column is already passing the mansion. Pan Ju orders a random volley. The shafts stop the road; Sima Yi cannot go by. A deputy general behind the column, Sun Qian (孙谦, Tôn Khiêm), shouts that the Grand Tutor is acting for the state and that the archers must not shoot. He shouts it three times. Only then does Pan Ju hold his fire. Sima Zhao (司马昭, Tư Mã Chiêu) shields his father past the gate; the Sima host goes out of the city, camps on the Luo River, and seizes the floating bridge. Cao Shuang, still in the hunting train, is cut off from his camps and from the arsenal. The coup succeeds. Pan Ju is not mentioned again — not tried, not rewarded, not killed on the page.
Homonym: the man who stops the shooting is 孙谦, a minor Wei officer. He is not Sun Qian (孙乾, Tôn Càn), courtesy name Gongyou (公祐, Công Hựu), Liu Bei’s envoy. Do not use /sun-qian/ for 孙谦. Pan Ju himself is 潘举, not 潘濬.
Role in Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Chapter 107 (The Wei Ruler Confers Authority; Sima Yi Plans against Cao Shuang): Cao Shuang, his brothers Cao Xi (曹羲, Tào Hy), Cao Xun (曹训, Tào Huấn), and Cao Yan (曹彦, Tào Ngạn), and the clique of He Yan (何晏, Hà Yến), Deng Yang (邓飏, Đặng Dương), Ding Mi (丁谧, Đinh Mật), Bi Gui (毕轨, Tất Quỹ), and Li Sheng (李胜, Lý Thắng) have left Luoyang with the imperial forest troops to visit Mingdi’s tomb and hunt. Sima Yi, feigning illness no longer, puts Gao Rou (高柔, Cao Nhu) into Cao Shuang’s camp and Wang Guan (王观, Vương Quan) into Cao Xi’s, memorializes Empress Dowager Guo (郭太后, Quách Thái hậu), and occupies the arsenal. A runner reaches Cao Shuang’s house. Lady Liu calls the gate officers. Pan Ju (潘举, Bàn Cử) climbs the tower with bows, sees Sima Yi pass, and looses a storm of arrows. Sun Qian (孙谦, Tôn Khiêm) — Wei deputy, not Shu’s Sun Qian — checks him three times. Sima Zhao escorts Sima Yi through. The mansion volley is the only armed resistance inside the city that the chapter bothers to name; it fails because a man in Sima Yi’s own rear tells the gate not to make this a private war.
Pan Ju (潘举) — Historical & Literary Timeline
Cao Shuang leaves Luoyang
Cao Shuang takes the emperor and his clique to the Ming tombs. Sima Yi seizes camps, the palace memorial, and the arsenal.
Arrows from the tower
Lady Liu asks what Sima Yi intends. Pan Ju takes dozens of archers up the gate tower and shoots. Sun Qian (孙谦) stops him on the third shout. Sima Zhao shields Sima Yi past.
Coup completed; Pan Ju vanishes from the page
Sima Yi holds the Luo River bridge. Cao Shuang surrenders his seals and is later destroyed with his party. The novel does not say what became of the gate officer.
Chapter text: Wikisource Romance Chapter 107. Not Pan Jun (潘濬).
Key Relationships
Family
- No father, mother, spouse, or children recorded. He is a household officer, not a named clansman of the Pan or Cao houses.
Friends
- Cao Shuang (曹爽, Tào Sảng): Master of the mansion Pan Ju is hired to hold. Pan Ju shoots to keep Sima Yi from passing the gate while Cao Shuang is outside the walls.
- Lady Liu (刘氏, Lưu thị): Cao Shuang’s wife, who calls the gate officers and is told by Pan Ju that he will go and look (no dedicated post).
Enemies
- Sima Yi (司马懿, Tư Mã Ý): The column Pan Ju tries to stop with arrows from the gate tower.
- Sima Zhao (司马昭, Tư Mã Chiêu): Escorts his father past the mansion after the shooting stops.
Other
- Sun Qian (孙谦, Tôn Khiêm): Wei deputy who three times orders Pan Ju not to shoot, saying the Grand Tutor acts for the state. Not Sun Qian (孙乾, Tôn Càn) of Shu — do not use that slug.
- Gao Rou (高柔, Cao Nhu) and Wang Guan (王观, Vương Quan): Officers Sima Yi puts into the Cao camps at the same hour (plain text; confirm slugs before linking).
- Pan Jun (潘濬, Bàn Tuấn): Different 汉字, different career (Liu Biao / Shu / Wu). Homonym only in English “Pan.”
In Novel
Chapter 107
- Pan Ju (潘举, Bàn Cử): Gate general of Cao Shuang (曹爽, Tào Sảng)'s Luoyang mansion. When Lady Liu (刘氏, Lưu thị) asks why Sima Yi (司马懿, Tư Mã Ý) has taken arms, Pan Ju climbs the gate tower with dozens of archers and looses shafts as the Sima column passes. Deputy Sun Qian (孙谦, Tôn Khiêm) — not Shu's Sun Qian (孙乾, Tôn Càn) — stops him three times. Sima Zhao (司马昭, Tư Mã Chiêu) then shields his father past the gate toward the Luo River bridge. Pan Ju is not named again after the volley.
In History
Summary
- Pan Ju (潘举, Bàn Cử) is a fictional gate officer. The Gaoping Tomb Incident of 249 is historical; this name is not in Chen Shou or the Jin Shu Sima Yi / Cao Shuang notices.
Year: 249 AD
- Sima Yi seized Luoyang while Cao Shuang was at the Gaoping tombs with Cao Fang. Cao Shuang surrendered and was destroyed with He Yan and the rest of the clique. No chronicle names a mansion archer Pan Ju.
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