| NAME | |
|---|---|
| Chinese Name | 李虎, 李虎, Lǐ Hǔ |
| Nickname | Ba-Di leader who surrendered at Hanzhong; later written Li Wu (李武) in Jin Shu |
| Other name | Lý Hổ |
| INFORMATION | |
| Birth Place | Lüeyang (Tianshui, Gansu) |
| Death Reason | Unknown. Later Cheng-Han rulers posthumously titled him Duke Huan of Ba commandery (巴郡桓公). |
| FAMILY | |
| Relatives | |
| CAREER | |
| Allegiance | Zhang Lu's Hanzhong community, then Cao Wei (general after the 215 surrender) |
| Battles | Not named in a Romance chapter. Historical hinge: Cao Cao's conquest of Hanzhong (215) — Li Hu brought five hundred households over and was moved to Lüeyang. |
Biography & Historical Record
Li Hu (李虎, Lý Hổ) was a Ba-Di (巴氐) clan leader of the late Han and Cao Wei, remembered not for a Romance duel but as the grandfather of Li Te (李特, Lý Đặc), whose sons built the Cheng-Han kingdom in Yi. The family came from the Cong people of Baxi Dangqu (巴西宕渠). Under Zhang Lu’s religious government in Hanzhong they lived at Yangche slope and were called Yangche Ba. When Cao Cao (曹操, Tào Tháo) broke that state in 215, Hu did not die in the hills. He took more than five hundred households to Wei.
Cao Cao’s reward was a general’s title and a move far from the Han River: northern Lüeyang in Liang, among Di and Qiang neighbours. There the migrants took again the name Ba-Di — Ba people living on Di ground. Hu’s son Li Mu (李慕, Lý Mộ) served as Eastern Qiang Hunting General, a frontier post that kept the clan armed and landed. Mu’s five sons (Fu, Te, Xiang, Liu, Xiang in the usual lists) grew up as Lüeyang notables. In the Western Jin famines they led refugees back into Shu; Te’s death and Li Xiong’s victory produced Cheng-Han. The new kings reached back two generations and titled Hu Duke Huan of Ba commandery.
Two name traps sit on this page. First, the import stub called him a “Chapter 8 Cao Wei officer.” Chapter 8 is Diaochan; he is not there. His Wei service begins at Hanzhong, the novel’s Chapter 67. Second, Tang historians writing the Jin Shu would not print 李虎, because that was the temple name of their own imperial ancestor; they wrote 李武. The Three Kingdoms man and the Tang ancestor are not the same person.
Role in Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Chapter 67 (Cao Cao Conquers Hanzhong; Zhang Lu Surrenders): The novel follows Cao Cao into the river basin, Zhang Lu’s debate with Yan Pu, and the end of the Celestial-Master regime. Li Hu is not given a line. The historical surrender-list in Huayang guozhi — Hu together with Du Huo, Pu Hu, and other Ba chiefs moved to Lüeyang — is the missing paragraph of that campaign. Chapter 8, which the catalog cited, is a different decade and a different story (Wang Yun, Diaochan, Lu Bu). This article keeps him on the Hanzhong–Lüeyang road.
Li Hu (李虎) — Historical & Literary Timeline
Yangche Ba under Zhang Lu
Family leaves Dangqu for Hanzhong’s religious state.
Surrenders with 500 households
Cao Cao takes Hanzhong; Hu is made general and sent to northern Lüeyang as Ba-Di.
Li Mu, Eastern Qiang Hunting General
The clan becomes a Lüeyang notable house; five grandsons including Li Te.
Posthumous Duke of Ba
Cheng-Han honors the grandfather who chose Wei and Lüeyang — the move that later let the family re-enter Shu as armed refugees.
See Li Hu (Three Kingdoms) on Wikipedia; Huayang guozhi and Jin Shu.
Key Relationships
Family
- Li Mu (李慕, Lý Mộ): Son; Eastern Qiang Hunting General. No dedicated post.
- Li Te (李特, Lý Đặc) and brothers (Li Liu, Li Xiang, and others): Grandsons; Cheng-Han founding generation. Sixteen Kingdoms, not Romance principals.
- No novel spouse or children on this site.
Friends
- Zhang Lu (张鲁, Trương Lỗ): The Hanzhong host his family had joined before 215.
- Du Huo (杜濩), Pu Hu (朴胡), Yuan Yue, Yang Che, Li Hei: Fellow Ba chiefs moved north in the same Wei resettlement. Plain text — no safe slugs.
Enemies
- No personal Romance nemesis. He surrendered rather than fight Cao Cao to the end.
Other
- Cao Cao (曹操, Tào Tháo): The conqueror who titled him general and chose Lüeyang as the dumping-ground that became a clan seat.
- Xiahou Yuan (夏侯渊, Hạ Hầu Uyên): Wei commander in the Hanzhong theatre (novel and history), not Hu’s personal officer.
- Do not merge with Tang’s posthumous Li Hu — Jin Shu‘s “Li Wu” spelling exists precisely to keep them apart.
In Novel
Chapter 67
- Li Hu (李虎, Lý Hổ): The catalog's "Chapter 8, Cao Wei officer" line is a mis-index. Chapter 8 is the Diaochan beauty trap; Li Hu is not in that hall. His historical moment sits with Cao Cao (曹操, Tào Tháo) taking Hanzhong from Zhang Lu (张鲁, Trương Lỗ) — the novel's Chapter 67 campaign (Cao Cao Conquers Hanzhong). The book names Zhang Lu, Yan Pu, and the surrender of the Celestial-Master state. It does not give a speaking part to the Ba-Di chief who, in Huayang guozhi and Jin Shu, led five hundred households north after that surrender.
- Li Hu (李虎, Lý Hổ): Same-chapter (67) figures around the historical surrender: Cao Cao, Zhang Lu, Xiahou Yuan in the Hanzhong pocket. Li Hu's later fame is Sixteen Kingdoms, not Romance: he is the grandfather of Li Te (李特, Lý Đặc), founder-line of Cheng-Han.
In History
Summary
- Li Hu (李虎, Lý Hổ) was a leader of Ba / Cong people (賨人) whose family had moved from Baxi Dangqu into Zhang Lu's Hanzhong community (the "Yangche Ba"). When Cao Cao took Hanzhong in Jian'an 20 (215), Hu led more than five hundred households over to Wei. Cao Cao made him a general and relocated the group to the north of Lüeyang, where they again called themselves Ba-Di (巴氐). His son Li Mu (李慕, Lý Mộ) became Eastern Qiang Hunting General. Mu's sons included Li Te, Li Liu, and Li Xiang — the generation that, in the Western Jin disorders, led refugees back into Yi and founded the Cheng-Han state. Tang-era Jin Shu writes the grandfather as Li Wu (李武) to avoid the name of Tang's posthumous ancestor Li Hu.
Year: late 2nd century
- Family leaves Dangqu for Zhang Lu's Hanzhong theocracy.
Year: 215 AD
- Cao Cao conquers Hanzhong. Li Hu surrenders with Du Huo (杜濩), Pu Hu (朴胡), Yuan Yue, Yang Che, Li Hei and others; Wei moves them to northern Lüeyang and restores the Ba-Di name.
Year: 4th century (descendants)
- Li Te's line uses the Lüeyang base, then enters Shu. Cheng-Han posthumously honors Li Hu as Duke Huan of Ba.
Historical Record
- Huayang guozhi, Li Te / Li Xiong chapter: "魏武定汉中，特祖父虎与杜濩、朴胡…移于略阳北土，复号曰巴氐." Jin Shu load-account of Li Xiong (name written 武). Not in Sanguozhi as a separate liezhuan. Do not merge with the later Western Wei / Tang ancestor also named Li Hu.
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